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Copyright, Intellectual Property and Patent Resources for LU: Copyright

Resources for enhancing the understanding of copyright, intellectual property and patent procedures

Online Resources

About Copyright

Copyright is a form of protection provided by the laws of the United States (Title 17, U.S. Code) to authors, publishers and the public. The owner of copyright has the exclusive right to do and authorize the following:

  • To reproduce the work;
  • To prepare derivative works based upon the work;
  • To distribute copies of the work to the public by sale or transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending;
  • To prohibit other persons from using the work without permission;
  • To perform the work publicly.

Copyright protection covers  published and unpublished works as well as out-of-print materials. It covers analog and digital media.

Facts, ideas, procedures, processes, systems, concepts, principles or discoveries cannot be copyrighted.  However, some of these can be protected by patent or trade secret laws.

Copyright protection currently lasts for the life of the author plus 70 years.  If there is more than one author copyright protection lasts for the life of the last author's death plus 70 years.  Copyright protection for materials created by a business may last for 95 years from publication.

Copyright protects the following eight categories of works:

  1. literary works
  2. musical works
  3. dramatic works
  4. pantomimes and choreographic works
  5. pictorial, graphic, and sculptural works
  6. motion pictures and other audiovisual works
  7. sound recordings
  8. architectural works

Copyrighted works may be used without the direct permission of the author or the copyright owner in very specific conditions. These conditions are labeled "fair use." Fair use, however, does not cover just any use at all by anyone for just any purpose.  (See the Fair Use section for more information).

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